bergman



Non/101161.) 'O W BERGMAN 2sheets-sheezv1- FIRE ARM.

l Patented June 24, 1890. @l

we noms persas cul, moro-urna,wlsnmaron, n. c.

(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 2. 0. W. BERGMAN.

FIRE ARM.

No. 430,614. Patented June 24, 1890.

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' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OSCAR WILLIAM BERGMAN, OF OSKAR FREDERICKSBORG, NEAR WAXHOLM,

SWEDEN.

F l R E A R M SPECIFICATION forming' part 0f Letters Patent No. 430,614, dated .Tune 24, 1890.. Application iiled January 2, 1889. Serial No. 295,180. (No model.) Patented in Sweden April 7, 1888, No. 1,601.

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OSCAR WILLIAM BERG- MAN,-a subject of the King of Sweden, resid.

ing at Oskar Fredericksborg, near Waxholm, Sweden, have invented new and useful Improvements in Fire-Arm s, (patented in Sweden April 7, 1888, No. 1,60l,) of which the following is a speciication.

My invention relates to tire-arms, and comprises the improvements hereinafter described.

In order to enable the invention to be fully understood, I will describe how it can be carried into practice by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a right-hand side elevation of a rifle or arm constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the mechanism loaded with four cartridges; Fig. 3, a cross-section in the line 7 8 of Fig. 8.

Figs. 4, 5, and 6 are cross-sections of the mech' the tiring or striking pin in longitudinal section, and Figs. 11A and 11B are respectively cross-sections of the same. Fig. 12 shows the rear support-of the mainspring in longitudinal and cross sections, and Fig. 18 illustrates the closing-pin of the bolt in side view and in end view. Fig. 14. illustrates a 4loose part of the same in side andend views, respectively.

Fig. 15 illustrates the extractor in side and plan views. Fig'. 16 illustrates the extractorspring in side and plan views. Fig. 17 is a view of the magazine loaded with one cartridge. Fig. 18 illustrates two views of the safety-stopper, one on the gun and one detached. l

The breech mechanism is inclosed in a box o., secured upon the rear end of the barrel.

b, provided with a segmental :shoulder c,

adapted to the slot d in the box, and guiding in this way the bolt when moving alternately `in the direction of the axis of the barrel.

when the bolt is advanced and turned to the right it falls into and lls the recess e in the box. The rear side of the recess e is beveled in order that the shoulder c may, when rotating the mechanism, be forced forward, and` thus by means of the bolt force the cartridgehome. When tiring, the shoulder c receives the recoil. The bolt being turned to the left,` the cartridge is loosened by the extractor and the shoulder c is brought slightly backward and slides against a beveled surface j, ar ranged in thefore part of the recess d.

Motion is imparted to the bolt by means of a lever f, firmly fixed to the same and clasping its rear end. The mechanism beingclosed, this lever is turned downward, clasping the neck of the butt-end, and forming at its lower part a gripper situated immediately behind the guard, in which gripper the little finger, the ring-finger, and the middle finger of the right hand rest, while the thumb clasps the neck of the butt and the forctlnger enters the guard ahead of the trigger. By this arrangement the hand will never need to release its grip when reloading from the magazine. While keeping the riie held to the shoulder the gripper f can be turned up by the right hand, the thumb resting against the rear top4 part of the gripper. The parts are then free to move backward and the mechanism will be thereby opened, the empty cartridge thrown out, and a new cartridge introduced from the magazine ahead of the piston. Immediately after the bolt has been brought back so far as permitted bythe shoulder Z the gripper is again advanced and turned down, the bolt roo suitable for taking aim, after which the rifle',

can immediately be fired 4in the usual manner. These different motions upward, Vbackward, forward, and downward are combined in one single motion, during which the position of the rifle and the grasp of the hand need not be changed. v.

The piston or bolt b`has a cylindrical bore g for the mainspring and the striker, and a conical bore hin the fore part for the striker or striking-pin. The striker Il is of cylindrical form, with Ea tongue 1l behind, and a cylindrical piston screwed toit near its point. Surrounding the cylindrical part of the striker is a movable cylinder la, having a slot for` receiving the tongue i of the striker. Between the fore npart ofV `this cylinder and the rear part of the piston of the striker the spirallycoiled mainspring is inserted. The striker,

with piston Z, cylinder k, and mainspring, is

, introduced from `behind into the bore g of the y boltb, when the tongue c" of the striker en` ters a e slot fm iny the -under side of the bolt. This sloty has at its front end an enlargement n,F ig. 10, into which the tongue z" can move without `following vthe bolt `bl when being turned. The lower edge of the tonguemoves into a groove o in the bottom of the box a. whenv `the mechanism is advanced. When turning up the bolt, `the tongue is retained in j. thisgroove o, the beveled surface of the fore l partof the recess/nJ in the bolt b forces the boltalong. .In this way the rnainspringA is compressed by degrees so long Y.as the turnlng .motion continues, after which the tongue of -thestriker is retained in its rear. position against the surface p, Fig. 1 0. This comward.

pressionof `thevmainspring is effected in such a manner that lthe striker on its retrograde motion in the bolt will, by means of the piston Z, push the ,forepart ofthe mainspring back- The backpart of the mainspring then pressesA against the cylinderk, which in turn rests against the breech-pin q. This pin is of cylindrical shape -and provided witha key r. Itis introduced fronrbehind into the bore g of the bolt b, the key fr entering the slot m, and after the pin qis turned it is retained by the mainspringv and at the same time effects vthe reaction of themainspring against the bolt b. The compression. of the mainspring is thus eected when vturning up the lever f. lAt the backward andforwar'd motion of the bolt b-the tongue of. the striker is'retained against the surface p, Fig. 10, by the pressure offthe spring, but is released by turning down the lever. It is, however, preventedby the point t of the trigger from advancing until the trig-` ger is actuated for firing. When the mechanism is to be` put in .the .safety position, .(corresponding to half-cock,) the trigger is actuated while turning down the operatingleyer, and in this Way the point of the striker is during the turning movement caused to advance by degrees toward the percussioncap. `Firing-by accidentfcannot meanwhile occur, as the striker is completely inclosed in thev piston. Whenever the s trjkeris'to be cocked for firing, thisis effected byturning the lever rapidly up and down but without bringing the bolt backward.

f In order to obtain greater safety and to aldown, and thearln consequently-cannot be fired r The plate u serves to fill up the space vin the slot behind the tongue i of the striker. -The top of the shoulder c is flat in front and provided with a Screw-threaded pin lv,the head of which is oval. On this l'lat. part and ixed to the shoulder by the pin u is the extractor-spring The extractorw is located lin a slot in the fore part of the shoulder` c,

and is retained therein by the extractor- 4spring a: and compelled to follow the motions Iof .the bolt b by means of a pin wupon :which the extractor works, a cut being made 'in the extractor to Areceive the pin'w. The

`xing of the extractor is eected afterthe bolt b has been partly introduced, but not Eturned- `:round, whereby the extractor w is placed in Sits slot,and Vthe hole of the extractor-spring `@ce isV passed over the pin u on the bolt and theextractor turned a quarter of-Aa revolution forward, when the spring takesy into the extractor.

The box a has in its lower part an opening o. to allow the cartridges from the magazine.

fto pass through. This opening is longer than ythe cartridge, and is so arranged that the rear.

`end of the cartridge cannot entirely pass through, only a part of the liange rising into the interior of the box when the bolt b in its backward motion has left a space forlit. l TheV cartridge-flangejcan thus," be actuated bythe boltb in its forward motion, and consequently.

follow the same. The cartridge-dang@ `hav'- ling thus followed the rear and narrower part yo of the opening a the cartridge, actuated by the magazine-spring, cannow pass entirely through the bottom of the box .at the wider.` part of the opening a', and thus completely rise, ahead of the bolt b. The point of4 the cartridge (the bullet) has now mounted an in-yl clined plane A. The cartridge,after being.V entirely released from the magazine, is pre-pv vented from jumping-out of the box by the flange getting under the tooth of the extractor and the point under the front top Side of the` box.

IOO

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The extraction of the empty'cartridgeis ef-v v fected by the extractor seizing the flange. ofVA the cartridge and by the backward motion of the latter. `The'empty cartridge is thrown out through the opening e of the box by the lower part of the cartridge-flange being suddenly stopped against the iiange of the cartridge jumping up from below, or in the case of the last cartridge (after it has been fired) by its flange coming against a shoulder B on the cartridge-bed C.

The magazine D is made of a bent plate with a partition E. It is xed on the rifle by means of two lugs F, clasping and engaging in a corresponding bevel on the box-shoulder G. The lugs ot' the magazine having been placed in this position the magazine is swung into the recess in the butt and is xed bythe.

bar H. Between the front rounded face of the box-shoulder G and the rear face of the partition E the cartridge-bed has a vertical motion. This motion is adapt-ed to the conical shape of the cartridge, so that the top surface of the cartridge-bed always corresponds with the generatrix of the truncated pyramid formed by the interior of the magazine. This is etected by means of two guide-bars I and K, of which the foremost K is formed by an exten sion L into a lever actuated by the magazine-spring M. This magazine, intended for sporting-rides, is filled by introducing the cartridges separately one by one into the same.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim isi. in breech-loading rines provided with bolt mechanism, the combination of the iring-pin t', its tongue fi', both inclosed in the cylindrical boltI b, the cylinder lo, surrounding the rear end of said pin, the mainspring acting against the rear end of said part lc, as set forth,and the closing-pin q in the rear of the bolt b, the latter having a slot m in its under side made with an enlargement having an inclined surface for the tongue t', and also having a recess, in which the tongue of the iringpin moves and is held after being cocked.

2. In a breech-loading rifle, the combination,With the rifle-cylinder b and with the operating lever f, extending downward and clasping the neck of the butt, as described, of cartridgemagazine D, located in the center line of the rifle beneath the mechanism and immediately ahead of the guard, and provided with a cartridge-bed C, movable therein 'and lifted by a guide-lever K and spring M, such lever bearing "upward against the bed near its vforward end, and the bed being further guided in its vertical movement by a bar I, bearing against the end of said bed, all as shown and described.

OSCAR VILLIAM BERGMAN.

JOHN E. BOURFIELD. 

